Concrete pile and process of constructing the same.



A `F. SHUI/IAN. CONCRETE PILE 'AND PROCESS 0F CONSTRUCTING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED-MAY 31. 1906.

Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

IIHI' I l I I I If: Il

FIM l\' lltilX, Oli llllL tDELll'lLl,1 PENNSYLVANIA.

CONCRETE PILE AND PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTING THE SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. l5, 1908.

, Application filed May 31, 1906. Serial No. 319.576.

To all Iwhom it mflvg/ eoaeern:

Be it known that l, Fnaxii Siniuax, a elti- Zen ol the United States,A residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented eertain t 1improvements in tonerete Pilesl and lProeessea oiE tonatrueting the Same, ol' whieh the following is a `apeeilieation.

My' invention relatesl to the method ol" placing piles ot' Concrete. l

l`he object of my invention is to plant. a

previoualy molded eonerete or reintoreed eonerete'pile in the ground in surh a manner that there will he no danger-otI eraekingor weakening the eonerete pile in the proveol' placing thevv same. This obieet. l attain by making a hole by driving a hollow preparatory pile into the ground, this pile doing all the. penetrating ol' the ground, then the previously moldedront-reto pile. is lowered into the hollow pile, alter which the hollow pile is withdrawn leaving the molded eonerete pile in plaee. No blows whatever are givenl the molded pile and thus all danger of damaging the already set eoneretio of the pile is avoided.

The preparatory pile maybe provided with adet'aehable or valved point, as desired, and

the opening may be lirat partly li'lled with eenient grout or eonerete to a certain depth i and the molded pile mounted on thia` grout, `forming what may be termed a eomposite pile.

ltieretolore the method of planting oonereto piles was to drive them into the ground with a powerful drop hammer, the same as a wooden pile, the blows being eushioned as much as possible' by a. eap of wood or saw dust, but it has been found that this eap does noty prevent serious injury to the previously i'ormed pile.

ln the accompanying drawings z-Figure l, is a view illustrating a molded pile .sett in the, opening formed by the preparatory pile 3 Fig. 2, is a View showing theI previously in'olded pile. mounted upon a body ol' eonerete grout; Fig. 3, is a view similar to Fig, 2, with the exception that the eonerete grout 'lilla the annular space left by the withdrawal of the shell ofthe preparatori.T pile; Fig. il, is a view illustrating the method ot' n'iaking the bane ol the. pile, using a preparatory pile with a valved or alligator point; FigA 5, is a view showing a pile in which the preparatory pile has a detachable point: Figli, is a view showing the shell ol' the preparatory pile partly witlnlrawn; Fig. T, is a view showing the ,shell entirely withdrawn and t rounding ground closed in upon the pile; l liig. S, is a View showing the grout being poured into the spare between the molded l pile and the ground as the shell oty the pre paratory pile is being withdrawn; lfig. t), is a l sectional view ol' the. molded pile `alnnring one method olJ reinl'oreing it; Fig. itl, is a seetional plan view otl the pile illustrated in 'Figu t); and Figs. 1l and l2, are views ot n'ioditieations ol' my invent-ion.

ln carrying outy my invention l make the opening in the ground by a preparatory hollow pile A (Fig. `i or Fig. .3), having a. point B made either o'lE section` I), hinged to t-he body i to l'orm what l terni "an alligator point", or the point may be simply a4 detaehable member which remainav in the'ground when thel Shell is withdrawn and forms the looting or babe upon whieh the eonerete pile mounted.

ln Figs. l, 2 and 2S ol' the drawings l have shown the opening made by a. preparatory pile having a va-lved or L"alligator"7 point. l have 'illustrated in the drawingirm` an instai'lee where the pile is to be driven through ground which is unstable, the upper strata, for in- !stanre. ol' sollt ground, then the seeond strata. is oi ipiieksand, and the third strata i5 l'irm `ground, and the pile is driven through the sott ground and quiekaand into the lirin ground until it reaches hard mn. The ireparatnoiy pile, as remarked aliove, is hollow and l l'orm in a suitable mold ay pile D oll oonerete in any proportions desired, and this pile is preferably reint'oreed, as indicated in Figs. t) and itl, with longitudinal metallic rodzsdl eonneeted together hy hoops d, but it vwill be understood that the metallie reinforce may be ol any .shape or form desired. The molded pile is lowered through the. shell oll the preparatory pile7 the preparatory pile being raised sutlieiently to open the valved moniherby ao that the pile will rest directly upon the bottom of the opening. Then the prepz'n'atoiy pile is withdr-.nvn and in this iiista-nee the surroumling ground will close in againnt` the pile, or grout may be inserted in the amiular Space between the pile and the ground, aa illustrated in Fig. v[n Sonie instant-.ea it is preferable to make composite, pile, especially where the pile is to he ot any length and where theI ground will permit. As shown, l'or instancey in Fig. 2, the pile is made in two sections, D being the previously f molded pile and 1);' tho pile formed hy pourthe uri ing` thick cement groot or concrete into the opening formed lay the preparatory pile.

This grout is poured into the o ening asthe` preparatory pile is removed an as shown in Fig. Ll, the groot fills the opening in the lirni round and then the previously formed sec'- tion D ol the pile is inserted through the hollow preparatory pile restingr on the portion D and extending 'through the strata of quiclisand and soft ground.

Fir. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, with the exception that cement grout is poured into the annular space surrounding thelinolded portion D ol the pile as 'the shell of the preparatory pile is removed.

Figs. 5, il, i and 8 illustrate the dilierent s ci. pile, in this instance usingT a preparatory pile 'with 'the detachable point b which is driven into the ground. thon partly lilled with cement grouhras illustratcd in Fig. 5, and the molded section D of the pile is inserted, resting,r on the grout, the shell is gradually withdrawn, as illustratod in Fig. 6, the groot will lill the entire opening illustrated in Fig. 7, and lthe quicksand or other unstable ground. will close in upon the pile. instead of driving the preparatory' pile it may be jetted down with a water stream in sand or other material whore it cannot be driven to advantage.

in Fig. 8, l have shown a view in which groot is poured into the space between the section ll of the ile and vthe ground as inv l? Il, forming :in annular shell ofconcrete d incurring; the roolded section D of the pile. n' some instances this groot may only extend part way, as shown at d', Fig. 9, where the ground ahove'is of such a character that it will close in upon the pile. lt will he u ndorsi'ood that 'the molded seotion ll of the pileinay he round, polygonal, or any shape in cross section, ain ol any length desired, and it may he either a plain concrete iile or reinforce l in' any soitahie manner. v.it will lio understood that when the section D is lowij'ed onto the section DL the sections vill 'le f L together as soon the section D2 a a homogeneous struc* .u ine pi i projects through a cer# jtii ci water the molded pile is of such as to extend through this depth of and through the ui'istalile ground, e the hase portion of the pile can he i'ornled of' confizrete `rout poured into the incparal p e before the molded ile is set in position, dipeusing entirely-y With coller dams, 'which are indi ensahle when the pile to ile formed under water liythe methods @dus to my invention. so i lo Fig; il., l ha iff siown a modification in which u. short section of molded 'pile is used i-vliich will extend throughthc very unstable the pile heilig made in three sections in this instance, the lirstsoction D2 being l cement groutwr conc tete,

icrined oi thier;

in the process ol mailing the improved The shell of. the pile is.;

vnot `hug the pile additional cement essais then the previously formed section D is placed on top ol this, extending` through the very unstable ground, then a third section il is huilt by pouring thick cement groot or concrete into the opening above the previously formed pile, making a composite pile, as clearly shownin said ligure ln Fig. 12, I have shown a further 1nodili cation, in which short previously formed )ile sections D are combined with sections D2, D3 and l.)4 made by pouring'thick cement groot or concrete into the opening. k

Thus it will he seen by the above described methods that l am enabled to place a previously formed concrete pile in the ground without the liability of shatteringl or weakening the pile and when once in place there isno lialii ity of the pile being shattered or .weakened ley the dead weight placedupon it, as it is supported 1oy the ground, or where the Freund is of such a character that it ywill Orout or concrete Aoanhe filled in the space lieti/veen the pile and the adjoining ground.

l claiinz- V l. The method of placing la concrete pile within the ground, said method consisting in driving a hollow'preparator,f ile into the ground, molding a concrete pie of a given.

diameter and when set inserting it in lthe hollow rpreparatory pile within the ground.

il. The method of placinv a concrete pile within theground, said nietliiod consisting in driving` a hollow preparatory. ile into the ground, molding a concrete pi e of a given diameter and length, inserting the said reviously molded concrete pile in the ho low pile within the ground, and then withdrawing the hollow reparatory pile, leaving the previously mol( ed concrete pile vwithin the ground. l

3. The method of constructing concrete piles, consisting in driving a hollow preparatory pile, 'filling a portion of the opening thusl formed with concrete orconcrete grout, then mounting a previously molded concrete pile section Within the preparatorypile and upon the concrete groot.

Il. The method of constructing" concrete iles consisting in making an opening with a hollow preparatory piledoouring groot inv the said opening to form a hase sectiongolE a pile, inserting a' reviously molded concrete pile section in t e preparatry pile and resting said section upon the hase section prior to the setting-of the hase section, so thatwhen the said. hase section is set it'will he welded to the molded section, forming a unitary structure.

5. vThe method of constructing concrete piles consisting in forming an opening by a .i'ollow preparatory pile, insertlng` a previously molded concrete ile into the prcparaf tory pile, gradually wit drawing the shell of the preparatory pile, and 'idling the space oe-` tween the molded pile and the walls of the openin with .grout as the shell is removed.

6. T e method of constructing concrete piles consisting in forming an opening by a ollow preparatory pile,- fillingv the base of said opening with a body of concrete grout or concrete, mounting on this base `a molded c oncretepile section rior to the withdrawal4 of the preparatory pi e, and gradually withdrawing the shell and filling the space left by the shell above the concrete base section 'with groot, so as to forni a shell of concrete sui'- into iirin ground, inserting in the hollow pile unstable ground.

rounding the molded p'ile section.

7. The method herein described of constructing cpncrete piles in unstable ground,

lsaid methodconsisting in driving a hollow` preparatory pile through the unstable grou d a previously molded concrete pile, and t ien withdrawing the preparatory pile, the said molded concrete pile extending through the 8. The method herein described of constructing concrete piles, consisting of driving a hollow pre aratory pile through unstable ground into iirm ground., filling the opening thus formed in the iirm ground with concrete 'or concrete grout, lacing a previously molded ile section iii t e hollow pre aratoi'y pile an resting. the end of the sai pilesection upon the base section of concrete grout, then withdrawing the reparatory pile, the previously molded pie section passing through the unstable ground.

9. The method herein described of c011- structing concrete piles, consisting in making an opening by means of a hollow preparatory pile, placing a previously molded concrete pile section with reinforcing members em- `tlien placing said previously molded and set concrete pile within the hollow shell, and then withdrauing the hollow shell leaving the detachable point in the ground to form a footing for the previously molded concrete pile.

l1. The method of constructing concrete piles consisting in driving a hollow shell, having at the bottom end thereof a detachable point (the whole constituting a hollow preparatory pile) into the ground, pouring into the saine a portion of cement grout or wet concrete, then placing therein a previously molded and set concrete ile, and then withdrawing tlie hollow shell eaving'the detachable point and the wet concrete in the ground to forni a footing for a. previously molded concrete pile.

12. A pile made in two sections, a base and a previously molded portion, the said molded portion being welded tothe base on' the setting of the basegsection.

In testimonyff-'whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK SHUMAN.. `Witnesses W. C. BUnKiioL'onn, lWILL. A. BARR. 

